Objective 1: Temperature, Thermal Energy and Heat
1. What are the three common temperature scales? They are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
2. How is the thermal energy related to temperature and heat? They both ******
3. What does having a high specific heat mean? A material with a high specific heat capacity has a high capacity for storing heat energy.
4. Why does an ice cube melt in your hand? The heat from the hand causes it to melt.
5. Why do some materials get hot more quickly than others? Specific heat capacity. Due to the nature of different materials, varying amounts of energy are required to alter the temperatures of different substances.
Objective 2: Scales
1. How do thermometers measure temperature? They measure temperature using mercury.
2. How are the three temperature scales alike? How are they different? All the three give the value of temperature.That is the only similarity.Another similarity between Kelvin and Celsius is that the temperature intervals of Kelvin are the same as for degree Celsius(which means every one degree rise of kelvin will be equal to every one degree rise of celsius.) whereas that of Fahrenheit is different.Another similarity between celsius and Fahrenheit is that --40(minus 40) degree celsius will be equal to to --40(minus 40) degree Fahrenheit.
But the absolute zero value will be 0 degree in Kelvin,--273.15 degree in celsius and --459.67 in Fahrenheit
3. Convert 5.0 C to Fahrenheit. -15
4. The surface temperature on the planet Venus can reach 860 F. Convert this temperature to degrees Celsius. 168.2(repeating)
5. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 5 kg’s of water by 10 K? 209,000J
Objective 3: The Transfer of Heat
1. What are the three forms of heat transfer? They are Conduction, Convection, and Radiation.
2. In what direction does heat move? It moves counter clock wise.
3. How are conductors and insulators different? Conductors allow energy to flow through it easily, while insulators slow down the process of conduction through itself.
4. Would a copper pipe work better as a conductor or insulator? Why do you think so? Conductor because its electrons allow a charge/ some heat.
5. Suppose you are camping on a mountain, and the air temperature is very cold. How would you keep warm? Would you build a fire or set up a tent? Write an explanation for each action you would take. Tell whether conduction, convection or radiation is involved with each heat transfer. I would set up a tent because Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves.
Objective 4: Thermal Energy and Matter
1. What causes matter to change state? According to the Particulate Theory of Matter, when matter is heated up, its particles gain energy, and thus, it changes its state.
2. What happens to a substance as thermal energy increases? it will increase or decrease depending on the states.
from solid --> liquid or liquid --> gas it is positive and endothermic, and thermal energy is increasing
from liquid --> solid or gas --> liquid it is negative and exothermic, and thermal energy is decreasing
3. Why does the temperature of matter remain the same while the matter changes state? When matter is changing state the temperature remains constant because the energy being put into the process is being used to change the state of the matter, whereas when the matter is not changing state, the energy being put into the process is used to raise the temperature.
4. What causes a solid to melt? fire/heat makes matter expand the melt away
5. Why should you poke holes in a potato before baking it? The potato skin is to some extent waterproof and if you do not make holes in it to let out the steam generated during baking there is a possibility it may split or explode (especially if you are baking in a microwave). It is also Miss Natalie's secret recipe to improve the taste, quality, sound and overall smell of the secret hole-poked baked-microwaved potato recipe. So give your potato some love and poke it real good.
Objective 5: Using Heat
1. How do heat engines use thermal energy?
2. How are internal combustion engines different from external combustion engines? How are they similar? They just are.
3. Why do you think modern cars use internal rather than external combustion engines? They are weird.
4. What changes of state occur in the refrigerant of a refrigerator? The cold is kept in.
5. If the compressor in a refrigerator stopped working, how would its failure affect the heat transfer cycle? It just would.
Objective 6: In Hot Water Lab
Goal: Build a containter for a 355 mL aluminum can that keeps water hot.
Your container must:
- minimize the loss of thermal energy from the hot water
- be built from materials approved by Mr H
- have insulation no thicker than 3 cm.
- not use electricity or heating chemicals (hand warmers, etc)
With a group of classmates or yourself, brainstorm different materials that prevent heat loss. Write a plan for how you will test these materials. Include a list of things you will test when doing your tests. Test out your ideas to determine the best insulating materials. Keep a log of your results in your lab notebook. Then bring the device to class!
1. What are the three common temperature scales? They are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
2. How is the thermal energy related to temperature and heat? They both ******
3. What does having a high specific heat mean? A material with a high specific heat capacity has a high capacity for storing heat energy.
4. Why does an ice cube melt in your hand? The heat from the hand causes it to melt.
5. Why do some materials get hot more quickly than others? Specific heat capacity. Due to the nature of different materials, varying amounts of energy are required to alter the temperatures of different substances.
Objective 2: Scales
1. How do thermometers measure temperature? They measure temperature using mercury.
2. How are the three temperature scales alike? How are they different? All the three give the value of temperature.That is the only similarity.Another similarity between Kelvin and Celsius is that the temperature intervals of Kelvin are the same as for degree Celsius(which means every one degree rise of kelvin will be equal to every one degree rise of celsius.) whereas that of Fahrenheit is different.Another similarity between celsius and Fahrenheit is that --40(minus 40) degree celsius will be equal to to --40(minus 40) degree Fahrenheit.
But the absolute zero value will be 0 degree in Kelvin,--273.15 degree in celsius and --459.67 in Fahrenheit
3. Convert 5.0 C to Fahrenheit. -15
4. The surface temperature on the planet Venus can reach 860 F. Convert this temperature to degrees Celsius. 168.2(repeating)
5. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 5 kg’s of water by 10 K? 209,000J
Objective 3: The Transfer of Heat
1. What are the three forms of heat transfer? They are Conduction, Convection, and Radiation.
2. In what direction does heat move? It moves counter clock wise.
3. How are conductors and insulators different? Conductors allow energy to flow through it easily, while insulators slow down the process of conduction through itself.
4. Would a copper pipe work better as a conductor or insulator? Why do you think so? Conductor because its electrons allow a charge/ some heat.
5. Suppose you are camping on a mountain, and the air temperature is very cold. How would you keep warm? Would you build a fire or set up a tent? Write an explanation for each action you would take. Tell whether conduction, convection or radiation is involved with each heat transfer. I would set up a tent because Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves.
Objective 4: Thermal Energy and Matter
1. What causes matter to change state? According to the Particulate Theory of Matter, when matter is heated up, its particles gain energy, and thus, it changes its state.
2. What happens to a substance as thermal energy increases? it will increase or decrease depending on the states.
from solid --> liquid or liquid --> gas it is positive and endothermic, and thermal energy is increasing
from liquid --> solid or gas --> liquid it is negative and exothermic, and thermal energy is decreasing
3. Why does the temperature of matter remain the same while the matter changes state? When matter is changing state the temperature remains constant because the energy being put into the process is being used to change the state of the matter, whereas when the matter is not changing state, the energy being put into the process is used to raise the temperature.
4. What causes a solid to melt? fire/heat makes matter expand the melt away
5. Why should you poke holes in a potato before baking it? The potato skin is to some extent waterproof and if you do not make holes in it to let out the steam generated during baking there is a possibility it may split or explode (especially if you are baking in a microwave). It is also Miss Natalie's secret recipe to improve the taste, quality, sound and overall smell of the secret hole-poked baked-microwaved potato recipe. So give your potato some love and poke it real good.
Objective 5: Using Heat
1. How do heat engines use thermal energy?
2. How are internal combustion engines different from external combustion engines? How are they similar? They just are.
3. Why do you think modern cars use internal rather than external combustion engines? They are weird.
4. What changes of state occur in the refrigerant of a refrigerator? The cold is kept in.
5. If the compressor in a refrigerator stopped working, how would its failure affect the heat transfer cycle? It just would.
Objective 6: In Hot Water Lab
Goal: Build a containter for a 355 mL aluminum can that keeps water hot.
Your container must:
- minimize the loss of thermal energy from the hot water
- be built from materials approved by Mr H
- have insulation no thicker than 3 cm.
- not use electricity or heating chemicals (hand warmers, etc)
With a group of classmates or yourself, brainstorm different materials that prevent heat loss. Write a plan for how you will test these materials. Include a list of things you will test when doing your tests. Test out your ideas to determine the best insulating materials. Keep a log of your results in your lab notebook. Then bring the device to class!
No comments:
Post a Comment